Dental fillings and sealants
What are Dental Fillings?
Dental fillings are used to repair and restore teeth that have been damaged by decay, cracks, or wear. They involve the use of various materials to fill the cavities left after the removal of decayed tooth structure. Fillings help to restore the function and appearance of the tooth, preventing further decay and potential tooth loss.
Types of Dental Fillings
Dental fillings can be made from different materials, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Common types of dental fillings include:
Gold Fillings: Gold fillings are durable and long-lasting, with an average lifespan of 10 to 15 years. They can withstand chewing forces well and are aesthetically pleasing. However, they are more expensive than other filling materials and require multiple visits for placement.
Silver Amalgam Fillings: Silver amalgam fillings are made from a mixture of metals, including mercury, silver, tin, zinc, and copper. They are cost-effective, long-lasting, and suitable for filling large cavities. However, their silver color makes them more noticeable, and some individuals have concerns about the mercury content, although the American Dental Association deems them safe.
Tooth-Colored Composite Resin Fillings: Composite resin fillings are made from a tooth-colored plastic and glass mixture. They can be matched to the natural color of the teeth, providing a more aesthetically pleasing result. Composite fillings bond directly to the tooth, requiring less removal of healthy tooth structure. However, they may not be as durable as gold or silver amalgam fillings, and they can be more expensive.
Porcelain Fillings: Porcelain fillings, also known as inlays or onlays, are custom-made in a dental laboratory and then bonded to the tooth. They are highly aesthetic and can closely match the color of the natural tooth. Porcelain fillings are durable and resistant to staining, but they are more costly and may require multiple visits.
Glass Ionomer Fillings: Glass ionomer fillings are made from an acrylic and glass material. They release fluoride, which helps to prevent further tooth decay. They are commonly used for fillings below the gum line and in primary teeth. However, they are less durable than other filling materials and may need replacement sooner.
Indirect Fillings
Indirect fillings, such as inlays and onlays, are created in a dental laboratory and require two visits. They are used when a tooth doesn’t have enough structure to support a regular filling but doesn’t require a crown. Inlays fit within the cusps of the tooth, while onlays cover one or more cusps. Indirect fillings are more durable and can last up to 30 years.
Temporary Fillings
Temporary fillings are used in certain situations, such as for multi-visit procedures, following a root canal, or as a temporary measure for toothaches. They are not meant to be long-lasting and typically last for about a month before they need to be replaced with a permanent filling.
Caring for Dental Fillings
To maintain your dental fillings and overall oral health:
- Practice good oral hygiene by brushing your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and flossing daily.
- Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings.
- Be aware of any changes in your fillings, such as sharp edges, cracks, or missing pieces, and contact your dentist if you notice any issues.
- Avoid excessive biting forces on your teeth, such as grinding or clenching, which can cause fillings to wear down or fracture.
- If you experience tooth sensitivity or persistent pain around a filling, contact your dentist for an evaluation.
Ultimately, the choice of filling material depends on various factors, including the location and extent of the decay, cost, aesthetics, and your dentist’s recommendation. Your dentist will guide you in selecting the most suitable filling material for your specific needs, ensuring the restoration’s longevity and functionality.